Choosing the right tree can add value, shade, and structure to your garden for decades. The wrong choice can cause costly problems. Before planting, assess each tree carefully against the following factors:
Check the height and canopy before you plant
- Root system — Some trees develop invasive or aggressive roots that damage pipes, paving, or foundations. Check whether the species is known to sucker or spread underground.
- Frost hardiness — Canberra’s winters are severe. Ensure the tree can tolerate local frosts, especially in frost-prone hollows. Young trees may need temporary protection.
- Water requirements — Choose species that match your water availability. Drought-tolerant trees are best suited to Canberra’s hot, dry summers.
- Sun requirements — Confirm whether the tree prefers full sun, part shade, or sheltered positions. Poor placement can limit growth and health.
- Mature height — A small sapling can grow into a large tree. Always check how tall it will become at maturity and whether that fits your garden or street.
- Mature spread — Consider the canopy width as well as the height. Make sure there is clearance from fences, powerlines, buildings, and neighbouring properties.
- Leaf, fruit, or seed drop — Some trees create significant garden litter, such as large seed pods, fruit, or constant leaf fall. Be aware of the maintenance this creates.
- Fire resistance — In bushfire-prone areas, choose species with lower flammability. Avoid resinous, oily, or fine-leaved trees close to buildings.
- Allergies — Pollen, sap, or seed fluff from some species can aggravate asthma or hay fever. Check if the species is listed as allergenic.
- Wildlife value — Some trees provide excellent food and habitat for birds and pollinators, while others offer little ecological benefit. Consider biodiversity when selecting species.
- Longevity and reliability — Some trees are long-lived and structurally sound; others are prone to dropping limbs or declining after only a few decades.
- Legal considerations — Check whether permits are needed for planting or removal in your area, and whether the tree species is on any restricted or invasive plant lists.